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rt9176 1 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com (top view) 1.5a fixed and adjustable low dropout positive voltage regulators general description the rt9176 series of high performance positive voltage regulators is designed for applications requiring low dropout performance at fully rated current. additionally, the rt9176 series provides excellent regulation over variations in line and load. outstanding features include low dropout performance at rated current, fast transient response, internal current-limiting, and thermal-shutdown protection of the output device. the rt9176 series of three terminal regulators offers fixed and adjustable voltage options available in space-saving sot-223, to-252, and to-263 packages. ordering information features z z z z z low dropout performance, 1.5v max. z z z z z full current rating over line and temperature z z z z z fast transient response z z z z z 2% output voltage accuracy z z z z z 1.5v, 1.8v, 2.5v, 2.85v, 3.3v, and 3.5v fixed and adjustable output voltage z z z z z sot-223, to-252, and to-263 packages z z z z z rohs compliant and 100% lead (pb)-free applications z active scsi termination z low voltage microcontrollers z switching power supply post-regulator pin configurations sot-223 adj/gnd vout (tab) vin 1 2 3 to-252 1 2 3 adj/gnd vout (tab) vin to-263 1 2 3 adj/gnd vout (tab) vin note : richtek pb-free and green products are : ` rohs compliant and compatible with the current require- ments of ipc/jedec j-std-020. ` suitable for use in snpb or pb-free soldering processes. ` 100%matte tin (sn) plating. rt9176- package type g : sot-223 l: to-252 m : to-263 operating temperature range p : pb free with commercial standard g : green (halogen free with commer- cial standard) output voltage default : adjustable 15 : 1.5v 18 : 1.8v 25 : 2.5v 28 : 2.85v 33 : 3.3v 35 : 3.5v
rt9176 2 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com vin vout gnd rt9176-28 + + 10uf i q 22uf 18 - 27 lines figure 2. active scsi bus terminator figure 3. fixed voltage regulator typical application circuit figure 1. adjustable voltage regulator (1) c1 needed if device is fa r from filter capacitors. (2) c2 required for stability. vin vout gnd rt9176-33 + + c1 10uf c2 10uf tantalum v in = 5v v out 3.3v i q vin vout adj rt9176 r1 133 r2 232 + + c1 10uf c2 10uf tantalum 1% 1% i adj v ref v in = 5v v out = 3.45v (1) c1 needed if device is fa r from filter capacitors. (2) c2 required for stability. v out = v ref (1+ ) + i adj r 2 1 2 r r
rt9176 3 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com function block diagram functional pin description current limiting amplifier thermal overload voltage regulation amplifer v ref s.o.a. vin vout adj/gnd limit sense pin name pin function adj/gnd adjust output voltage or gnd vout output voltage vin power input
rt9176 4 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com absolute maximum ratings (note 1) z supply input v oltage -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15v z power dissipation, p d @ t a = 25 c sot-223 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.740w to-252 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.471 w to-263 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.222w z package thermal resistance (note 6) sot-223, ja ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 135 c/w sot-223, jc ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 c/w to-252, ja ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 c/w to-252, jc ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.5 c/w to-263, ja ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 c/w to-263, jc ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.8 c/w z lead temperature (soldering, 10 se c.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260 c z junction temperature ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 150 c z storage temperature range ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ? 65 c to 150 c z esd susceptibility (note 2) hbm (human body mode) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8kv mm (ma chine mode) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 750v parameter symbol test conditions min typ max units i out = 10ma, (v in ? v out ) = 2v, t a = 25 c 1.243 1.256 1.281 v reference voltage (note 4) rt9176 v ref 10ma < i out < 1.5a, 1.5v < v in -v out < 10v 1.231 1.256 1.294 v i out = 10ma, v in = 3.3v, t j = 25 c 1.485 1.5 1.53 rt9176-15 0 < i out < 1.5a, 3.3v < v in < 10v 1.470 1.5 1.55 i out = 10ma, v in = 3.3v, t j = 25 c 1.797 1.815 1.85 rt9176-18 0 < i out < 1.5a, 3.3v < v in < 10v 1.779 1.815 1.87 i out = 10ma, v in = 4.0v, t j = 25 c 2.460 2.500 2.544 rt9176-25 0 < i out < 1.5a, 4.0v < v in < 10v 2.450 2.500 2.550 i out = 10ma, v in = 4.25v, t j = 25 c 2.822 2.850 2.910 rt9176-28 0 < i out < 1.5a, 4.25v < v in < 10v 2.793 2.850 2.936 i out = 10ma, v in = 4.75v, t j = 25 c 3.267 3.300 3.365 rt9176-33 0 < i out < 1.5a, 4.75v < v in < 10v 3.234 3.300 3.400 i out = 10ma, v in = 5v, t j = 25 c 3.465 3.500 3.570 output voltage (note 4) rt9176-35 v out 0 < i out < 1.5a, 5.0v < v in < 10v 3.430 3.500 3.605 v recommended operating conditions (note 3) z supply input voltage -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3v to 12v z junction temperature range ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ? 40 c to 125 c electrical characteristics (t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified)
rt9176 5 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com parameter symbol test conditions min typ max units rt9176 i out = 10ma, 1.5v v in ? v out 10v -- 0.1 0.3 % rt9176-15 i out = 0ma, 3.3v v in 15v -- 1 6 mv rt9176-18 i out = 0ma, 3.3v v in 15v -- 1 6 mv rt9176-25 i out = 0ma, 4.0v v in 15v -- 1 6 mv rt9176-28 i out = 0ma, 4.25v v in 15v -- 1 6 mv rt9176-33 i out = 0ma, 4.75v v in 15v -- 1 6 mv line regulation (note 4) rt9176-35 v line i out = 0ma, 5.0v v in 15v -- 1 6 mv rt9176 (v in ? v out ) = 3v, 0ma i out 1.5a -- 0.2 0.4 % rt9176-15 v in = 3.3v, 0 i out 1.5a -- 1 10 mv rt9176-18 v in = 3.3v, 0 i out 1.5a -- 1 10 mv rt9176-25 v in = 4.0v, 0 i out 1.5a -- 1 10 mv rt9176-28 v in = 4.25v, 0 i out 1.5a -- 1 10 mv rt9176-33 v in = 4.75v, 0 i out 1.5a -- 1 12 mv load regulation (note 4) rt9176-35 v load v in = 5.0v, 0 i out 1.5a -- 1 15 mv i out = 500ma -- 1.15 1.25 v dropout voltage (note 5) v drop i out = 1.5a -- 1.3 1.5 v current limit i lim v in = 5v 1.5 1.75 -- a minimum load current rt9176 (v in ? v out ) = 2v -- 5 10 ma quiescent current rt9176-xx i q v in = 5v -- 5 10 ma ripple rejection psrr f ripple = 120hz , (v in ? v out ) = 2v, v ripple = 1v p-p -- 72 -- db adjust pin current i adj -- 65 120 a adjust pin current change i adj 10ma i out 1.5a, v in = 5v -- 0.2 5 a note 1. stresses listed as the above ? absolute maximum ratings ? may cause permanent damage to the device. these are for stress ratings. functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability. note 2. devices are esd sensitive. handling precaution recommended. note 3. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions. note 4. low duty cycle pulse testing with kelvin connections. note 5. the dropout voltage is defined as v in -v out , which is measured when v out is v out(normal) ? 100mv. note 6. ja is measured in the natural convection at t a = 25 c on a low effective thermal conductivity test board of jedec 51-3 thermal measurement standard. the pad size is 6mm 2 on sot-223 packages, 100mm 2 on to-252 packages, 125mm 2 on to-263 packages.
rt9176 6 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com typical operating characteristics output voltage vs. temperature 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3 3.4 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 temperature output voltage (v) ( c) v in = 5v c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum r l = v out = 3.3v v out = 2.5v v out = 1.5v reference voltage vs. temperature 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 temperature reference voltage ( c) v in = 5v c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum r1 = r2 = 100 r l = ( v ) adj pin current vs. temperature 40 50 60 70 80 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 temperature adj pin current (ua) ( c) v in = 5v c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum r1 = r2 = 100 r l = current limit vs. input voltage 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 input voltage (v) current limit (a) c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum v out = 2.5v, rl = 1 current limit vs. temperature 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 temperature current limit (a) 1 ( c) v in = 5v c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum v out = 2.5v, rl = 1 quiescent current vs. temperature 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 temperature quiescent current (ma) ( c) v in = 5v c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum r l = v out = 2.5v
rt9176 7 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com v in = 5v, v out = 2.5v c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum rl = 1 current limit time (2.5ms/div) current limit (a) 0.5 0 1 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 dropout voltage vs. load current 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 load current (a) dropout voltage (v) 1 c in = 10uf electrolytic c o = 10uf tantalum v out = 2.5v -40 c 25 c 125 c v out = 2.5v c o = 10uf tantalum i load = 100ma line transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 6 5 7 30 20 0 input voltage deviation (v) 40 -20 v out = 1.5v c o = 10uf tantalum i load = 100ma line transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 6 5 7 30 20 10 0 input voltage deviation (v) -10 v in = 3.3v, v out = 1.5v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a load transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 0.5 0 1 200 100 0 load current (a) 300 -100 v out = 3.3v c o = 10uf tantalum i load = 100ma line transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 6 5 7 30 20 0 input voltage deviation (v) 40 -20
rt9176 8 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com v in = 5v, v out = 3.3v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a load transient response time (10us/div) 200 100 0 300 -100 v in = 5v, v out = 3.3v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a output voltage deviation (mv) load current (a) 0 0.5 1 v in = 5v, v out = 3.3v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a load transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 1 0 2 200 100 0 load current (a) 300 -100 v in = 5v, v out = 2.5v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a load transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 1 0 2 200 100 0 load current (a) 300 -100 v in = 3.3v, v out = 1.5v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a load transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 1 0 2 200 100 0 load current (a) 300 -100 v in = 5v, v out = 2.5v c in = c o = 10uf tantalum preload = 0.1a load transient response time (10us/div) output voltage deviation (mv) 0 200 100 0 load current (a) 300 0.5 1 -100
rt9176 9 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com application information output voltage adjustment like most regulators, the rt9176 regulates the output by comparing the output voltage to an internally generated reference voltage. on the adjustable version as shown in figure 4, the v ref is available externally as 1.25v between v out and adj. the voltage ratio formed by r1 and r2 should be set to conduct 10ma (minimum output load). the output voltage is given by the following equation: v out = v ref (1+ 1 2 r r ) + i adj r 2 on fixed versions of rt9176, the voltage divider is provided internally. figure 4. basic adjustable regulator input bypass capacitor an input capacitor is recommended. a 10 f tantalum on the input is a suitable input bypassing for almost all applications. adjust terminal bypass capacitor the adjust terminal can be bypassed to ground with a bypass capacitor (c adj ) to improve ripple rejection. this bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. at any ripple frequency, the impedance of the c adj should be less than r1 to prevent the ripple from being amplified: (2p * f ripple * c adj ) < r1 the r1 is the resistor between the output and the adjust pin. its value is normally in the range of 100-200 . for example, with r1 = 124 and f ripple = 120hz, the c adj should be > 11 f. output capacitor rt9176 requires a capacitor from v out to gnd to provide compensation feedback to the internal gain stage. this is to ensure stability at the output terminal. typically, 10 f tantalum or 50 f aluminum electrolytic is sufficient and please takes the notice of output capacitor esr range (figure 5). the output capacitor does not have a theoretical upper limit and increasing its value will increase stability. c out = 100 f or more is typical for high current regulator design. vin vout adj rt9176 r1 r2 + + 10uf 10uf i adj v ref v in v out 65ua + c adj load regulation when the adjustable regulator is used (figure 6), th e best load regulation is accomplished when the top of the resistor divider (r1) is connected directly to the output pin of the rt9176. when so connected, r p is not multiplied by the divider ratio. for fixed output version, the top of r1 is internally connected to the output and ground pins can be connected to low side of the load. figure 5 region of stable c out esr vs. load current 0.01 0.1 1 10 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 load current (a) c out esr ( ? ) c out = 100uf c out = 10uf instable instable stable
rt9176 10 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com p d = (v in - v out ) x i out t junction = t ambient + (p d x ja ) note: t junction must not exceed 125 c current limit protection rt9176 is protected against overload conditions. current protection is triggered at typically 1.75a. thermal consideration the rt9176 series contain thermal limiting circuitry designed to protect itself from over-temperature conditions. even for normal load conditions, maximum junction temperature ratings must not be exceeded. as mention in thermal protection section, we need to consider all sources of thermal resistance between junction and ambient. it includes junction-to-case, case-to-heat-sink interface, and heat sink thermal resistance itself. junction-to-case thermal resistance is specified from the ic junction to the bottom of the case directly below the die. proper mounting is required to ensure the best possible thermal flow from this area of the package to the heat sink. the case of all devices in this series is electrically connected to the output. therefore, if the case of the device must be electrically isolated, a thermally conductive spacer is recommended. thermal protection rt9176 has thermal protection which limits junction temperature to 150 c. however, device functionality is only guaranteed to a maximum junction temperatu re of +125 c. the power dissipation and junction temperature for rt9176 are given by figure 6. best load regulation using adjustable output regulator vin vout gnd rt9176 r1 r2 v in connect r2 to load (connect r1 to vout or case) r l r p parasitic line resistance
rt9176 11 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com outline dimension dimensions in millimeters dimensions in inches symbol min max min max a 1.450 1.803 0.057 0.071 a1 0.020 0.100 0.0008 0.0047 b 0.610 0.787 0.024 0.031 b 3.302 3.708 0.130 0.146 c 6.706 7.290 0.264 0.287 d 6.299 6.706 0.248 0.264 d1 2.896 3.150 0.114 0.124 e 2.261 2.362 0.089 0.093 h 0.229 0.330 0.009 0.013 l 1.550 1.950 0.061 0.077 l1 0.800 1.100 0.009 0.013 3-lead sot-223 surface mount package a a1 b h b d d1 c l e e l1
rt9176 12 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com dimensions in millimeters dimensions in inches symbol min max min max a 2.184 2.388 0.086 0.094 b 0.889 2.032 0.035 0.080 b 0.508 0.889 0.020 0.035 b1 1.016 ref. 0.040 ref. b2 0.457 0.584 0.018 0.023 c 0.457 0.584 0.018 0.023 d 6.350 6.731 0.250 0.265 d1 5.207 5.461 0.205 0.215 e 5.334 6.223 0.210 0.245 e 2.108 2.438 0.083 0.096 l1 9.398 10.414 0.370 0.410 l2 0.508 ref. 0.020 ref. l3 0.635 1.016 0.025 0.040 u 3.810 ref. 0.150 ref. v 3.048 ref. 0.120 ref. r 0.200 0.850 0.008 0.033 s 2.500 3.400 0.098 0.134 t 0.500 0.850 0.020 0.033 3-lead to-252 surface mount package a c b2 b b1 d b e l3 e l1 l2 v u d1 s t r
rt9176 13 ds9176-11 march 2007 www.richtek.com richtek technology corporation headquarter 5f, no. 20, taiyuen street, chupei city hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)5526789 fax: (8863)5526611 richtek technology corporation taipei office (marketing) 8f, no. 137, lane 235, paochiao road, hsintien city taipei county, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8862)89191466 fax: (8862)89191465 email: marketing@richtek.com dimensions in millimeters dimensions in inches symbol min max min max a 4.064 4.826 0.160 0.190 b 1.143 1.676 0.045 0.066 b 0.660 0.914 0.026 0.036 b1 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 b2 0.305 0.584 0.012 0.023 c 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 d 9.652 10.668 0.380 0.420 e 8.128 9.652 0.320 0.380 e 2.286 2.794 0.090 0.110 l1 14.605 15.875 0.575 0.625 l2 2.286 2.794 0.090 0.110 u 6.223 ref. 0.245 ref. v 7.620 ref. 0.300 ref. 3-lead to- 263 surface mount package c b2 a l1 b e e l2 v u d b b1

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